38 sürümünden bu yana çıkan Firefox'ta “Güvenli Bağlantı Başarısız” sorunu nasıl giderilir?
Kullanın openssl s_client
. Bunun gibi şeyler için İsviçre çakısı. Ve openssl x509
sertifikaları dökümü için kullanın .
Genellikle {Issuer, Subject}
zincirdeki çiftlerle böyle ilgilenirsiniz :
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
Sunucudaki vericinin bir sonraki daha yüksek sertifikanın konusu haline geldiğine dikkat edin. Gutmann, Mühendislik Güvenliği kitabında bunu tanımlamak için aşağıdaki diyagramı sunmaktadır :
Üstte, CA kökü kendiliğinden imzalanır ve sorun ile özne aynıdır. Seviye 3 olsaydı, şöyle olurdu:
3 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
Ama genellikle bir zincirde görmezsiniz çünkü ona güvenmelisiniz. Ve güven çapası için gereksinimlerin bir kısmı, kurcalanmadığından emin olmak için zaten var.
Konu ve İhraççı isimlerini kullanmak Ayırt Edici İsimler denilen şeyi kullanmaktır . Bir zincir oluşturmanın diğer yolu da KEYIDs
. Bazen Konu Anahtarı Tanımlayıcısı (SKI) ve Yetki Anahtarı Tanımlayıcısı (AKI) aracılığıyla görürsünüz . Anahtar tanımlayıcıları, sindirilmiş bir genel anahtarın sadece parmak izleridir.
Sen okuma bulabilirsiniz Değerli İsimler gibi standartlarında RFC 4514 ; ve KEYID'lerin kendisini yol yapımı ile ilgili olan RFC 4518 gibi standartlarda kullanma .
Sorun tarayıcıda görünüyor (ancak aşağıya bakın). Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
Parmak izi ile eksik gibi görünüyor a1 db 63 93 91 6f 17 e4 18 55 09 40 04 15 c7 02 40 b0 ae 6b
.
Symantec Root Certifcates'i ziyaret edip Sınıf 3 Genel Birincil Sertifika Yetkilisini indirdiğimde , doğrulama için bir yol oluşturabilirim ( Verify return code: 0 (ok)
aşağıya dikkat edin ).
Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
Tarayıcınızın güvenilir kök deposuna indirip yüklemelisiniz . Veya tarayıcı tarafından yolu oluşturmak için neden kullanılmadığını belirleyin (bir sonraki adıma bakın).
Mozilla ve Firefox Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
bir blog yayınında bahsediyor : 1024 bit RSA Anahtarlarıyla Sertifikaları Kaldırma . Gönderiye göre, Firefox 32'den beri CA sertifikasını kullanımdan kaldırdılar. Bu anahtarlar CA imzalama işlemleri için uzun süreli kullanıldığından ve bu hataların "daha güçlü" parametrelere ihtiyaçları olduğu için onları gerçekten suçlamıyorum çünkü 10 ila 30 yıl yaşamak zorundalar. (kelimenin tam anlamıyla).
Checkpoint, 4096 bit RSA modüllü bir CA ve SHA-256 gibi çağdaş parametrelerle bir sertifika (zincir) altında yeni bir sunucu sertifikası almalıdır. Ya da 2048 bit RSA modüllerine ve SHA-256'ya sahip bir Alt CA ...
(Ayrıca benim için neyin işe yaramadığını aşağıda görebilirsiniz).
Sunucu sertifikasını OpenSSL'leri kullanarak Sınıf 3 Genel Birincil Sertifika Yetkilisi ile doğrulamanın bir örneği s_client
:
$ openssl s_client -connect usercenter.checkpoint.com:443 -tls1 \
-servername usercenter.checkpoint.com -CAfile Class-3-Public-Primary-Certification-Authority.pem
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=3 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
verify return:1
depth=2 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
verify return:1
depth=1 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10, CN = VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
verify return:1
depth=0 C = US, ST = California, L = San Carlos, O = Check Point Software Technologies Inc., OU = MIS-US, CN = usercenter.checkpoint.com
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
---
Server certificate
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFaTCCBFGgAwIBAgIQbDQ79PGfSr9ppjYf2kOh4zANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCB
tTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFzAVBgNVBAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMR8wHQYDVQQL
ExZWZXJpU2lnbiBUcnVzdCBOZXR3b3JrMTswOQYDVQQLEzJUZXJtcyBvZiB1c2Ug
YXQgaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudmVyaXNpZ24uY29tL3JwYSAoYykxMDEvMC0GA1UEAxMm
VmVyaVNpZ24gQ2xhc3MgMyBTZWN1cmUgU2VydmVyIENBIC0gRzMwHhcNMTQwMjEx
MDAwMDAwWhcNMTYwMjI1MjM1OTU5WjCBnTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxEzARBgNVBAgT
CkNhbGlmb3JuaWExEzARBgNVBAcUClNhbiBDYXJsb3MxLzAtBgNVBAoUJkNoZWNr
IFBvaW50IFNvZnR3YXJlIFRlY2hub2xvZ2llcyBJbmMuMQ8wDQYDVQQLFAZNSVMt
VVMxIjAgBgNVBAMUGXVzZXJjZW50ZXIuY2hlY2twb2ludC5jb20wggEiMA0GCSqG
SIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQDeG4n8NH4KaU/DE4xg2TQNXmKkcslgsqcg
qZbo0QiuHpQTFXF9BbrG3Nv10bNBhe8FWyo1AwJK33PTs0WVeGyMBaVYBIR48C4D
gk+4JPncFWO6eq2eWxzg2yei/xPQwvGNGn0QNcGCUfPZE8Z+KhGUucxGcmlW/lLj
vG0XjCaYkgxUEgOx9rCWYnA5HSmPYYHTT7+lXdlqE4e5QHnRRm4p4iVPRBSAgs94
jtn7wgBf+xg81SqnZ3+gC6ggdd+HDk+PFC/8DsDEFxEJRe/uYhfmMLGZ0Lz9oitc
GIK8rPtylkgVTlNldo2TPsr/zdR43s9gQPpqM0niRQHLcHX83BG3AgMBAAGjggGJ
MIIBhTAkBgNVHREEHTAbghl1c2VyY2VudGVyLmNoZWNrcG9pbnQuY29tMAkGA1Ud
EwQCMAAwDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgWgMB0GA1UdJQQWMBQGCCsGAQUFBwMBBggrBgEF
BQcDAjBDBgNVHSAEPDA6MDgGCmCGSAGG+EUBBzYwKjAoBggrBgEFBQcCARYcaHR0
cHM6Ly93d3cudmVyaXNpZ24uY29tL2NwczAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBQNRFwWU0TBgn4d
IKsl9AFj2L55pTBFBgNVHR8EPjA8MDqgOKA2hjRodHRwOi8vU1ZSU2VjdXJlLUcz
LWNybC52ZXJpc2lnbi5jb20vU1ZSU2VjdXJlRzMuY3JsMHYGCCsGAQUFBwEBBGow
aDAkBggrBgEFBQcwAYYYaHR0cDovL29jc3AudmVyaXNpZ24uY29tMEAGCCsGAQUF
BzAChjRodHRwOi8vU1ZSU2VjdXJlLUczLWFpYS52ZXJpc2lnbi5jb20vU1ZSU2Vj
dXJlRzMuY2VyMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQBcO/j4DpV+SAh0xwrrulHW9sg0
ifgntImsZF10gY9P93mRf0rq8OdCeOejx45LZCDc1xgBGov0ehyiShy2pA7rQ93t
hvaMopAnKPi1KPApcwiDNAQ4dI5daUVI1MwvkFZsoxoHvx0IBQOYPgAjSUIE9Q9W
oa6/NqRh2hpZgg550cZhwzh5vbbRieGn6hS8qVCpYYs5N1+39vw+hFNqaTfjyIHF
Aq6UboCNvj28+ZU3U16rxGqu9JQBL/GvaqYXHXhLmXIe63Flv5VSPDA8EcjX7uzo
yt210nEvNhvDBmWA06tX3fYPiZvgf1tzzITVRUZxxZlpUdEuMrcCUB+UFAuO
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
subject=/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
issuer=/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 4310 bytes and written 600 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is AES128-SHA
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
No ALPN negotiated
SSL-Session:
Protocol : TLSv1
Cipher : AES128-SHA
Session-ID: 141BB5DD85FA61CC85E5C8368DED9EB9C7C6427D7F655F8DD778EEB003F9EBE7
Session-ID-ctx:
Master-Key: 84261799D242992FE44D48F39F1A10CFCE5BE60E1A900CC3E6BFFD368DAB68A439287C81DC9510871963EF8E3366FFE3
Key-Arg : None
PSK identity: None
PSK identity hint: None
SRP username: None
Start Time: 1432323605
Timeout : 7200 (sec)
Verify return code: 0 (ok)
Daha önce "Üstte, CA kökü kendinden imzalı, sorun ve konu aynı" dedim . İşte Özne ile İhraççı'nın aynı olduğu, kendinden imzalı CA kökünün bir dökümü. Ayrıca 1024 bitlik modülleri ve sha1WithRSAEncryption'ı gösterir.
$ openssl x509 -in Class-3-Public-Primary-Certification-Authority.pem -inform PEM -text -noout
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 1 (0x0)
Serial Number:
3c:91:31:cb:1f:f6:d0:1b:0e:9a:b8:d0:44:bf:12:be
Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
Validity
Not Before: Jan 29 00:00:00 1996 GMT
Not After : Aug 2 23:59:59 2028 GMT
Subject: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
Public-Key: (1024 bit)
Modulus:
00:c9:5c:59:9e:f2:1b:8a:01:14:b4:10:df:04:40:
db:e3:57:af:6a:45:40:8f:84:0c:0b:d1:33:d9:d9:
11:cf:ee:02:58:1f:25:f7:2a:a8:44:05:aa:ec:03:
1f:78:7f:9e:93:b9:9a:00:aa:23:7d:d6:ac:85:a2:
63:45:c7:72:27:cc:f4:4c:c6:75:71:d2:39:ef:4f:
42:f0:75:df:0a:90:c6:8e:20:6f:98:0f:f8:ac:23:
5f:70:29:36:a4:c9:86:e7:b1:9a:20:cb:53:a5:85:
e7:3d:be:7d:9a:fe:24:45:33:dc:76:15:ed:0f:a2:
71:64:4c:65:2e:81:68:45:a7
Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
10:72:52:a9:05:14:19:32:08:41:f0:c5:6b:0a:cc:7e:0f:21:
19:cd:e4:67:dc:5f:a9:1b:e6:ca:e8:73:9d:22:d8:98:6e:73:
03:61:91:c5:7c:b0:45:40:6e:44:9d:8d:b0:b1:96:74:61:2d:
0d:a9:45:d2:a4:92:2a:d6:9a:75:97:6e:3f:53:fd:45:99:60:
1d:a8:2b:4c:f9:5e:a7:09:d8:75:30:d7:d2:65:60:3d:67:d6:
48:55:75:69:3f:91:f5:48:0b:47:69:22:69:82:96:be:c9:c8:
38:86:4a:7a:2c:73:19:48:69:4e:6b:7c:65:bf:0f:fc:70:ce:
88:90
Daha önce "Checkpoint'in 4096 bit RSA modüllü bir CA ve SHA-256 gibi çağdaş parametrelerle bir sertifika (zincir) altında yeni bir sunucu sertifikası alması gerekiyor. Veya 2048 bit RSA modüllü bir Alt CA ve SHA-256 ... " .
İşte ne vermedi köklendirme veya daha güçlü Alt CA güven ankraj: Benim için çalışmalarını VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
zayıf 1024 bitlik kök CA, ve
EDIT : Bu OpenSSL 1.0.2a ve altındaki bir hata nedeniyle. OpenSSL 1.0.2b'de düzeltildi. Bir zincirdeki bir bağımlı kendinden imzalı bir köke yükseltildiğinde bkz . Doğrulama için beklenen davranış?
$ openssl s_client -connect usercenter.checkpoint.com:443 -tls1 \
-servername usercenter.checkpoint.com -CAfile VeriSign-Class-3-Public-Primary-Certification-Authority-G5.pem
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=2 C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
---
Server certificate
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
subject=/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
issuer=/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 4310 bytes and written 600 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is AES128-SHA
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
No ALPN negotiated
SSL-Session:
Protocol : TLSv1
Cipher : AES128-SHA
Session-ID: 736B3105DB22F2AB0F5D42C8161A8A132BF1E7C37464BB2F0D00058B867332EB
Session-ID-ctx:
Master-Key: BDD5D4951E3FD01C3C456D475EAE6D0D5CE53FBF75B4F6F3D4D186A27B566D75056057D5395F35AE3BA8D20A669212C2
Key-Arg : None
PSK identity: None
PSK identity hint: None
SRP username: None
Start Time: 1432324811
Timeout : 7200 (sec)
Verify return code: 20 (unable to get local issuer certificate)
---
Pratik bir sorundur Symantec yeniden düzenleyen, aynı adı ve aynı ortak anahtarla bir sertifika böylece ayırt edici adı , konu anahtarı tanımlayıcısı ve Yetkilisi Anahtar Kimliği vermedi değiştirmek; ancak sadece Seri Numarasını değiştirme .
Zincirde gönderilen sertifika ile Symantec sitesinden indirilen sertifika arasındaki farklı seri numaraları nedeniyle aşağıda tespit edebildim. Sonra yeniden verilen sertifikanın Alt CA'dan Root CA'ya dönüştürüldüğü anlaşıldı.
Zincirdeki sertifikaları görmek için -showcerts
OpenSSL'lerle birlikte kullanabilirsiniz s_client
:
$ openssl s_client -connect usercenter.checkpoint.com:443 -tls1 \
-servername usercenter.checkpoint.com -showcerts
CONNECTED(00000003)
...
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFaTCCBFGgAwIBAgIQbDQ79PGfSr9ppjYf2kOh4zANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADCB
tTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFzAVBgNVBAoTDlZlcmlTaWduLCBJbmMuMR8wHQYDVQQL
ExZWZXJpU2lnbiBUcnVzdCBOZXR3b3JrMTswOQYDVQQLEzJUZXJtcyBvZiB1c2Ug
YXQgaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudmVyaXNpZ24uY29tL3JwYSAoYykxMDEvMC0GA1UEAxMm
VmVyaVNpZ24gQ2xhc3MgMyBTZWN1cmUgU2VydmVyIENBIC0gRzMwHhcNMTQwMjEx
MDAwMDAwWhcNMTYwMjI1MjM1OTU5WjCBnTELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxEzARBgNVBAgT
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
1 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
2 s:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
i:/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
---
Server certificate
subject=/C=US/ST=California/L=San Carlos/O=Check Point Software Technologies Inc./OU=MIS-US/CN=usercenter.checkpoint.com
issuer=/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
---
...
Normalde bir sonraki pbpaste
adım zincirdeki bir PEM kodlu sertifika bir panoya kopyalamak ve daha sonra bir terminal yapıştırmak ve OpenSSL's boru kullanın x509
. Örneğin VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
, zincirin bir parçası olarak gönderilen Seviye 2'ler:
$ pbpaste | openssl x509 -text -noout
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 3 (0x2)
Serial Number:
25:0c:e8:e0:30:61:2e:9f:2b:89:f7:05:4d:7c:f8:fd
Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
...